>> "ALMANAC" IS A PRODUCTION OF TWIN CITIES PBS FOR THE STATIONS OF MINNESOTA PUBLIC TELEVISION ASSOCIATION.

>> ERIC: IN THE NEXT HOUR, WE'LL LOOK AT LEGAL ISSUES REGARDING THE WINSTON SMITH SHOOTING, LEARN ABOUT LOCAL OBSERVANCES OF THE NEW OFFICIAL JUNETEENTH HOLIDAY, AND GET A BEHIND-THE-SCENES HISTORY OF SPLIT ROCK LIGHTHOUSE.

PLUS, MARY LAHAMMER GIVES US AN UPDATE FROM THE CAPITOL.

>> Mary: LAWMAKERS RETURN AID TO THE STATE CAPITOL OPEN TO THE PUBLIC TO TRY TO AVOID SHUTTING DOWN STATE GOVERNMENT BY PASSING A BUDGET IN TIME.

>> THE RAMIFICATIONS ARE TOO SERIOUS FOR MINNESOTA.

>> WE NEED TO DO OUR JOBS.

>> Mary: THAT'S COMING UP ON "ALMANAC."

♪♪ >> "ALMANAC" IS MADE POSSIBLE BY MEMBERS OF THIS PUBLIC TELEVISION STATION.

SUPPORT IS ALSO PROVIDED BY... GREAT RIVER ENERGY: PROVIDING ELECTRICITY AND RELATED SERVICES TO 28 CO-OPS IN MINNESOTA.

A TOUCHSTONE ENERGY COOPERATIVE.

DELTA DENTAL OF MINNESOTA FOUNDATION: MAKING DENTAL CARE POSSIBLE FOR MINNESOTANS IN NEED.

DELTADENTALMN.ORG/TPT.

THE SHAKOPEE MDEWAKANTON SIOUX COMMUNITY: A TRIBAL NATION FOCUSED ON COMMUNITY AND COLLABORATION, ESPECIALLY IN TIMES LIKE TODAY.

ENBRIDGE: CONNECTING MINNESOTANS WITH ENERGY FOR OVER 70 YEARS.

MORE AT ENBRIDGE.COM/LINETHREEUS.

AND EDUCATION MINNESOTA: THE VOICE FOR PROFESSIONAL EDUCATORS AND STUDENTS THROUGHOUT THE STATE.

MORE AT EDUCATIONMINNESOTA.ORG.

"ONE GREATER MINNESOTA" REPORTING ON "ALMANAC" IS MADE POSSIBLE IN PART BY: THE OTTO BREMER TRUST, WHOSE MISSION IS INVESTING IN PEOPLE, PLACES, AND OPPORTUNITIES IN THE UPPER MIDWEST.

ADDITIONAL SUPPORT COMES FROM THE MINNEAPOLIS FOUNDATION, INSPIRING AND ENGAGING IN ACTION TO REALIZE STRONG, VIBRANT COMMUNITIES, AND FROM THE BLANDIN FOUNDATION.

>> ERIC: IN A FEW MINUTES, WE'LL LOOK AT THE WINSTON SMITH SHOOTING, ONGOING NEGOTIATIONS AT THE CAPITOL, AND LEARN ABOUT A NEW BOOK TELLING THE STORY OF THE SPLIT ROCK LIGHTHOUSE.

>> Cathy: RIGHT.

BUT FIRST UP, A NEW FEDERAL HOLIDAY WAS DECLARED THIS WEEK.

JUNETEENTH COMMEMORATES JUNE 19TH, 1865, WHEN ENSLAVED PEOPLE IN TEXAS LEARNED FROM UNION TROOPS THAT WERE NO LONGER IN BONDAGE.

LAST YEAR SOME AMERICAN CORPORATIONS -- AMONG THEM TARGET, STARBUCKS, AND BEST BUY -- DECLARED JUNETEENTH A HOLIDAY FOR THEIR WORKERS.

THIS WEEK, THE U.S. CONGRESS MADE JUNETEENTH A FEDERAL HOLIDAY.

ROHAN PRESTON WROTE TODAY ON STARTRIBUNE.COM ABOUT THE EMERGENCE OF JUNETEENTH AS A MULTI-FACETED CELEBRATION.

ROHAN, GOOD TO SEE YOU.

>> IT'S VERY GOOD TO SEE YOU, CONTRASTY.

THANK YOU.

>> Cathy: WELL, JUNETEENTH HAS BEEN CELEBRATED FOR 115 YEARS.

HAS IT WAXED AND WANED OVER THE DECADES?

>> IT CERTAINLY HAS.

IT BEGAN IN TEXAS.

AND IT'S REALLY SPREAD TO COMMUNITIES, REALLY ACROSS THE COUNTRY.

AND AS ONE PROFESSOR, JUN JOHN WRIGHT, EXPLAINS TO ME, THIS IS A HOLIDAY THAT ALSO HAS A GREAT PLACE IN HISTORY BECAUSE IT TIES INTO EMANCIPATION CELEBRATIONS IN THE BRITISH EMPIRE AND ELSEWHERE.

SO LOTS OF ORATORY, LOTS OF ARTS, LOTS OF FOOD FESTIVALS AND ALL THE WAYS THAT PEOPLE CELEBRATE.

>> Eric: THIS BILL FOR JUNETEENTH WAS ONLY INTRODUCED LAST YEAR.

IS THIS PART OF, LIKE, THE GEORGE FLOYD EFFECT, IF I CAN CALL IT THAT?

>> OH, WITHOUT A QUESTION.

I THINK WHEN YOU LOOK AT THE IMPACT OF THAT -- THAT EVENT, THAT KILLING, NOT JUST IN THE TWIN CITIES, OR THE NATION, BUT GLOBALLY, IT'S REALLY QUITE -- QUITE ASTONISHING.

OF COURSE THERE HAVE BEEN PEOPLE WHO HAVE BEEN WORKING ON THIS FOR A VERY LONG TIME, DECADES IN FACT, TO GET THE RECOGNITION ELSEWHERE.

AND HERE IN THE TWIN CITIES, I SHOULD TELL YOU, THAT THIS HAS BEEN CELEBRATED WITH FESTIVALS AT WIRTH PARKWAY AND THERE'S BEEN A FILM FESTIVAL AND DIFFERENT EVENTS ALL THROUGHOUT THE HISTORY.

IT'S JUST THAT THEY WEREN'T ON AS BIG A RADAR AS THEY ARE NOW AND THAT'S ALL, AS YOU SAY, ERIC, DUE TO GEORGE FLOYD.

>> Cathy: YOU TALKED TO PROFESSOR DUCHESS HARRIS FROM MACALESTER COLLEGE.

HISTORICALLY, BLACK FOLKS HAVE PUT DOWN THE MASK DURING JUNETEENTH CELEBRATIONS, AND THEY ARE ALLOWED TO BE THEIR AUTHENTIC SELVES.

WHAT DOES THAT MEAN?

>> WELL, I THINK PART OF IT, THE CHALLENGE, IS LIKE, HOW DO YOU MANIFEST YOUR GIFTS IN AN AUTHENTIC WAY?

AND HOW DO YOU DO IT?

HOW DO YOU TRANSLATE?

HOW DO YOU LIVE IN A PLURALISTIC SOCIETY AS OURS AND YET BE TRUE TO WHO YOU ARE?

AND IN SOME WAYS, WE ALL HAVE DIFFERENT LANGUAGES.

YOU KNOW, HOW WE SPEAK TO OUR FAMILIES, HOW WE SPEAK TO OUR COWORKERS, OR IN THE LOCKER ROOM, OR WHEREVER, AND IN SOME WAYS, THAT'S ABOUT THAT.

LIKE, AFRICAN-AMERICANS IN PARTICULAR BEING ABLE TO BE TOTALLY COMFORTABLE IN WAYS THAT THEY MAY NOT BE IN OTHER PLACES.

>> Eric: ONE OF THE ACTIVISTS TO TWITTER TODAY SAID THAT LET'S STOP PRIORITIZING SYMBOLISM.

LET'S MAKE SYSTEMATIC CHANGE.

AND I WONDER IF ANY FOLKS IN YOUR REPORTING TALK ABOUT THIS IS A GET OUT OF JAIL FREE CARD FOR FOLKS WHO DON'T WANT TO GO ANY FURTHER.

>> THAT ACTIVIST IS VERY MUCH LIKE MY DAUGHTER.

I HAVE A 18-YEAR-OLD WHO SAID A SIMILAR THING.

AND I THINK, YOU KNOW, IN MANY WAYS, YOU REQUIRE ALL OF IT.

RIGHT?

YOU REQUIRE -- YOU REQUIRE BABY STEPS, YOU REQUIRE BIG STEPS, YOU REQUIRE SYMBOLISM, YOU REQUIRE SUBSTANTIVE MOVES.

AND I THINK WHO'S TO SAY WHAT THIS IS?

I THINK IT'S PROGRESS.

PERSONALLY.

AND CERTAINLY MANY OF THE PEOPLE I INTERVIEWED ARE BEYOND EXCITED.

THAT WE HAVE THIS RECOGNITION.

OF COURSE, WE ARE IN A -- IN THE THROES OF DEBATING CRITICAL RACE THEORY, AND SO SOME PEOPLE HAVE LEARNED THAT IF YOU HAVE THIS HOLIDAY, AND CAN'T TEACH IT, WHAT DOES THAT SAY ABOUT US?

>> Cathy: SAY, BEFORE YOU GO, WE'VE GOT ABOUT A MINUTE LEFT.

WHAT ARE SOME OF THE CELEBRATIONS THIS WEEKEND?

>> THERE ARE EVENTS AT THE MIDTOWN GLOBAL MARKET IN MINNEAPOLIS.

THERE ARE EVENTS THROUGH THE PARK DISTRICT.

I AM ESPECIALLY EXCITED ABOUT, LIKE, COVID SHOTS, COVID CLINICS THAT ARE GOING TO BE, IN SWEETLY CENTER AND IN ST. PAUL.

WE HAVE A LIST OF THEM ON THE "STAR TRIBUNE" WEBSITE, AND THAT STORY YOU REFERENCED, BUT THERE WILL BE OTHERS AS WELL.

I ENCOURAGE EVERYONE TO LOOK ON OUR WEBSITE AND ALSO TO LOOK AT FACEBOOK.

>> Cathy: INTERESTING TO COME FOR THE FOOD, AND THEN STAY FOR THE SHOTS I GUESS?

THIS IS ON STARTRIBUNE.COM.

>> ABSOLUTELY.

AND THANKS TO BOTH OF YOU, ERIC AND CATHY, THANK YOU BOTH.

>> Cathy: THANK YOU.

♪♪ >> ERIC: TENSE PROTESTS CONTINUED THIS WEEK IN UPTOWN FOR THE THIRD WEEK AFTER THE SHOOTING DEATH OF WINSTON SMITH DURING AN ALTERCATION WITH MEMBERS OF A U.S.

MARSHAL TASK FORCE.

LATE SUNDAY NIGHT, A PROTESTER WAS KILLED AFTER A CAR DROVE THROUGH A BARRICADE THAT ACTIVISTS HAD USED TO BLOCK THE STREET.

THERE REMAIN MANY QUESTIONS ABOUT THE DEATH THAT SPARKED THE DEMONSTRATIONS.

LAW ENFORCEMENT SAYS THAT WINSTON SMITH JUNIOR FIRED A WEAPON WHEN HE WAS CONFRONTED WHILE SEATED IN HIS CAR.

THE PASSENGER IN SMITH'S CAR SAYS HE DIDN'T HAVE A WEAPON.

THERE IS NO VIDEO OF THE KILLING.

OFFICERS WERE NOT WEARING BODY CAMERAS, AND THERE WAS NO WITNESS CELL PHONE OR SECURITY CAMERA FOOTAGE.

HOW WILL THE LEGAL SYSTEM DEAL WITH THIS CASE?

MARY MORIARTY IS A FORMER CHIEF PUBLIC DEFENDER IN HENNEPIN COUNTY.

SHE ALSO TEACHES AT THE UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA LAW SCHOOL.

WELCOME BACK.

WHAT'S BEHIND THE CONFUSION WITH THE U.S.

MARSHAL'S OFFICE, THE POLICY ON BODY CAMS, AND ITS IMPACT ON THE LOCAL LAW ENFORCEMENT HERE?

>> WELL, THE CONFUSION IS LACK OF COMMUNICATION.

WHEN WINSTON SMITH WAS SHOT, WHAT WE FIRST HEARD FROM THE B.C.A., WHICH IS THE STATE AGENCY THAT'S INVESTIGATING, IS THAT THERE WERE NO BODY CAMS, EVEN THOUGH DEPUTIES FROM RAMSEY COUNTY AND HENNEPIN COUNTY WERE PART OF THIS TASK FORCE, AND THEY BOTH HAVE BODY CAMS.

AND THEN THE U.S. ATTORNEY'S OFFICE RELEASED A STATEMENT SAYING THAT THE DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE BACK IN OCTOBER CHANGED ITS POLICY, ALLOWING BODY CAMS.

AND SO WE HAVE THESE CONFUSING MESSAGES FROM THESE AGENCIES.

AND NOBODY'S REALLY STEPPED UP, INCLUDING THE U.S.

MARSHAL, TO EXPLAIN WHY NEITHER THE SHERIFF, ONE FROM RAMSEY AND ONE FROM HENNEPIN WHO APPARENTLY BOTH SHOT WINSTON SMITH, WEREN'T WEARING THEIR BODY CAMS.

AND SO THAT STARTED THE PROTESTING, THE SUSPICIONS.

BECAUSE PEOPLE THOUGHT, WELL, THERE MUST BE VIDEO EVIDENCE.

HOW COULD THERE NOT BE VIDEO EVIDENCE?

BUT AT THIS POINT APPARENTLY THERE ISN'T.

>> Cathy: I'M WORKFORCE WORKFORE HOUSING MARY, BECAUSE OF THE UNDERCOVER NATURE OF THIS TASK FORCE, IS THAT WHY THEY WEREN'T WEARING BODY CAMS?

>> WE DON'T KNOW.

AND THAT'S PART OF THE PROBLEM.

WE DON'T KNOW WHY THE D.O.

JCH CHANGED THE POLICY BACK IN OCTOBER.

YET THEY'RE STILL NOT WEARING BODY CAMS.

AND REMEMBER, THEY WEREN'T ACTING IN AN UNDERCOVER OPERATION WHEN THEY WERE MAKING THIS ARREST.

THEY ACTUALLY WEREN'T EVEN LOOKING FOR WINSTON SMITH.

THEY WERE DOING SOMETHING ELSE.

THEY GOT A TIP THAT WINSTON SMITH WAS IN THE AREA.

AND HE WAS WANTED ON A WARRANT.

AND SO THEY TRACKED HIM UP INTO THE TOP OF THE PARKING RAMP.

AND DID SOMETHING WHICH IS EXTREMELY CONTROVERSIAL.

AND I THINK THAT THIS IS AN IMPORTANT POINT.

THE MARSHALS DO NOT HAVE TO DEESCALATE.

THAT IS NOT ONE OF THE POLICIES THEY HAVE TO FOLLOW.

AND THEY USE WHAT'S REFERRED TO AS A FAIRLY CONTROVERSIAL POLICY CALLED VEHICLE CONTAINMENT.

AND IF YOU LOOK AT THE PICTURES THAT THE MEDIA TOOK OF THE TOP OF THE RAMP, YOU CAN SEE EXACTLY WHAT THAT IS.

IT'S ALL THE SUDDEN LAW ENFORCEMENT BOXES IN A PERSON THAT THEY'RE LOOKING FOR.

AND THE PROBLEM WITH THAT, OBVIOUSLY, IS YOU'RE FORCING A PERSON POTENTIALLY INTO MAKING AN IMPULSIVE DECISION, INSTEAD OF BACKING OFF AND TRYING TO TALK THEM OUT OF THEIR CAR.

SO IT'S NOT ONLY THE LACK OF BODY CAM, BUT ALSO THE POLICIES THAT THE MARSHAL USES, WHICH ARE NOT THE SAME POLICIES THAT LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES IN THIS STATE USE.

>> Eric: AND THEN THE PLOT THICKENS FURTHER BECAUSE U.S.

MARSHAL DOHMAN IS A FORMER STATE PUBLIC SAFETY COMMISSIONER AND OF COURSE THE PUBLIC SAFETY DEPARTMENT IF HE MINNESOTA LEVEL HAS JURISDICTION OVER THE BUREAU OF CRIMINAL APPREHENSION.

DO YOU SEE A CONFLICT THERE OR NOT?

>> MONA DOUGH MAN APPOINTED THE CURRENT HEAD OF THE B.C.A., AND THEY ARE INVESTIGATING HER AGENCY RIGHT NOW.

THE OTHER THAT'S DIFFICULT ABOUT THIS IS THAT THE B.C.A., WHICH IS OUR LOCAL ENTITY THAT'S INVESTIGATING, WILL BE MAKING A REPORT ABOUT THIS, BUT THE LOCAL PROSECUTORS HAVE NO JURISDICTION OVER IT.

AND SO IF THERE WERE TO BE CHARGES, IT WOULD HAVE TO BE BY THE FEDERAL PROSECUTORS.

AND ONE THING WE KNOW FROM AN ARTICLE WRITTEN BY THE MARSHALL PROJECT AS WELL AS "USA TODAY" IS THAT NO MARSHALL HAS EVER BEEN CHARGED WITH SHOOTING SOMEBODY EVEN THOUGH THEY SEEM TO HAVE A MUCH HIGHER PERCENTAGE OF SHOOTING PEOPLE THAN EQUIVALENT POLICE FORCES AROUND THE COUNTRY.

>> Cathy: WHAT ARE THE WORTH OF THESE TASK FORCES?

>> THEY BRING -- FOR THE JURISDICTIONS THAT WELCOME THEM IN, THEY BRING RESOURCES, MONEY, THAT KIND OF THING.

BUT THERE HAS BEEN A NUMBER OF LOCAL FORCES AROUND THE COUNTRY THAT HAVE WITHDRAWN.

IN PART BECAUSE OF THEIR CONTROVERSIAL TACTICS AND NOT DEESCALATING.

SOMEONE WAS QUOTED IN THAT ARTICLE I JUST MENTIONED AS SAYING THAT THEY ARE PRACTICING THE WAY POLICE DID IN THE 1990s AND THEY JUST HAVEN'T CAUGHT UP.

BUT IT REALLY IS ABOUT RESOURCES.

IT IS IMPORTANT TO KNOW THAT THE MINNEAPOLIS POLICE DEPARTMENT AND ST. PAUL POLICE DEPARTMENT DO NOT PARTICIPATE WITH THEM BECAUSE OF THE BODY CAM ISSUE.

BUT STILL WE HAD THE SHERIFFS FROM HENNEPIN AND RAMSEY PARTICIPATING, EVEN THOUGH THEY HAVE BODY CAMS, AND THEY WERE NOT ALLOWED TO USE THEM.

SO THERE ARE A LOT OF ISSUES HERE.

BUT ONE OF THE BIGGEST ONES IS, I DON'T THINK THAT THERE WILL BE CHARGES COMING OUT OF THIS.

BECAUSE IT'S VERY DIFFICULT TO PROSECUTE WHEN YOU DON'T HAVE A VIDEO.

PART OF THIS REMINDS ME OF WHEN THE MINNESOTA SUPREME COURT DECIDED YEARS AGO THAT LAW ENFORCEMENT WOULD START RECORDING INTERROGATIONS OF SUSPECTS AND LAW ENFORCEMENT SAID THE SKY WAS FALLING BUT HAS COME TO APPRECIATE THE FACT THAT THOSE RECORDINGS EXIST BECAUSE WE KNOW EXACTLY WHAT HAPPENED.

IF I WERE ONE OF THE DEPUTIES FROM HENNEPIN OR RAMSEY, I WOULD WANT BODY CAM TO SAY, LOOK, YOU KNOW, WHAT I SAID ABOUT THE FACT THAT HE PULLED A GUN, IS ACCURATE.

BUT THERE'S NO -- GOING TO BE NO WAY OF SHOWING THAT.

AND THERE ARE GOING TO BE A LOT OF PEOPLE WHO DON'T BELIEVE WHAT THEY SAID.

THIS COMES, OF COURSE, ON THE HEELS OF WHAT HAPPENED WITH GEORGE FLOYD, WHEN THE INITIAL LAW ENFORCEMENT STATEMENT SAID SOMETHING OF THE NATURE OF GEORGE FLOYD DIED OF A MEDICAL EMERGENCY AFTER AN INTERACTION WITH POLICE.

SO THERE ARE MANY IN OUR COMMUNITY THAT SIMPLY DON'T TRUST WHAT LAW ENFORCEMENT SAYS.

AND SO THEY'RE GOING TO BE A LOT OF PEOPLE WHO ARE UPSET ABOUT THE FACT THAT THERE PROBABLY WON'T BE CHARGES, AND -- AND THAT THEY WERE NOT WEARING BODY CAMS.

>> Eric: WHAT DOES THIS DO TO WHATEVER POSITIVE VIBES THAT WERE CREATED BY THE CHAUVIN VERDICT?

>> I WORRY ABOUT THAT A LOT.

I THINK LAW ENFORCEMENT HAS TO START EMBRACING TRANSPARENCY AND ACCOUNTABILITY AND PART OF TRANSPARENCY IS STANDING UP AND SAYING, THIS IS WHY THERE WERE NO BODY CAMS.

THIS IS -- WE JUST DELAYED THEM.

AND WE SHOULDN'T HAVE DONE THAT.

AND THIS IS WHY WE WERE PARTICIPATING.

BUT THAT'S ONE OF THE PROBLEMS HERE.

AND THAT'S WHY A LOT OF PEOPLE CONTINUE TO PROTEST AND SOME OF THOSE PROTESTS ARE ESCALATING BECAUSE THERE ISN'T ANY INFORMATION BEING GIVEN OUT.

AND SO AS YOU SAY, THERE WAS SOME SCINTILLA OF TRUST THAT MAY HAVE BEEN RESTORED OR AT LEAST GAINED WITH COMMUNITY.

AND NOW SOMETHING LIKE THIS HAPPENS, AND THAT COULD EASILY GO AWAY.

WHICH IS A TRAGEDY.

>> Eric: MARY, AS ALWAYS, APPRECIATE YOUR INPUT AND GOOD EXPERTISE.

THANK YOU.

>> THANK YOU.

♪♪ >> CATHY: THE TWIN CITIES -- LIKE MOST AMERICAN CITIES -- HAS SEEN A SHARP RISE IN SOME VIOLENT CRIMES IN THE PAST YEAR.

THIS COMES AFTER TWO DECADES OF DECLINING CRIME RATES.

WHY DOES CRIME GO UP AND DOWN?

POLITICIANS AND POLICE CHIEFS OFTEN TAKE CREDIT WHEN CRIME DIPS.

AND THEN LOOK FOR ANSWERS WHEN CRIME GOES UP.

HERE WITH A PRIMER ON THE COMPLEX -- AND SOMETIMES IMPERFECT -- EXPLANATIONS OF WHY CRIME RATES GO UP AND DOWN, CHRIS UGGEN.

HE IS A REGENTS PROFESSOR AND DISTINGUISHED MCKNIGHT PROFESSOR OF SOCIOLOGY AND LAW AT THE UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA.

PROFESSOR GOOD TO SEE YOU AGAIN.

>> GOOD TO SEE YOU AS WELL.

>> Cathy: A LOT OF PEOPLE OF COURSE AROUND THE STATE OF MINNESOTA LOOK AT WHAT'S HAPPENING IN THE TWIN CITIES AND SAY WHAT IS GOING?

WHY ARE SHOOTINGS AND MURDERS GOING UP >> AND THIS IS REALLY A NATIONAL STORY AS WELL.

SO IN A WAY, WE'RE REALLY BOUND UP WITH WHAT'S HAPPENING IN MINNEAPOLIS AND MINNESOTA MORE GENERALLY, BUT REALLY, WE'VE GOT A 25% INCREASE IN MURDER ACROSS THE UNITED STATES IN 2020.

AND WE'RE STILL TRYING TO SORT OUT ALL OF THE DIFFERENT POTENTIAL CAUSES.

>> Eric: I THINK ONCE IN A WHILE, DEMOGRAPHICS COME INTO PLAY, AND I WONDER, IS THERE SOME LARGE COHORT OF AT-RISK YOUTH COMING THROUGH THE PIPELINE THAT MIGHT BE CAUSING THIS?

>> YOU KNOW, I'VE BEEN SAYING I DON'T KNOW A LOT MORE LATELY.

AND I THINK THE -- THERE IS NOT A BIG DEMOGRAPHIC BLIP THAT -- CERTAINLY NOT OF THIS MAGNITUDE.

I THINK A LOT OF THE DISTRUST THAT MARY JUST REFERENCED AND THE PANDEMIC ITSELF HAS HAD REAL BIFURCATED EFFECTS IN AMERICAN SOCIETY AND I THINK SOME FOLKS WERE MORE TIGHTLY BOUND TO THEIR FAMILIES AND THEIR COMMUNITIES, AND OTHERS WERE REALLY LEFT ON THEIR OWN.

AND I THINK WE'VE SEEN SOME OF THE EFFECT OF THAT UNCERTAINTY.

>> Cathy: AND IF YOU WEREN'T DOING WELL BEFORE THE PANDEMIC, IT'S PROBABLY ADDING TO THAT ISSUE RIGHT NOW, RIGHT?

>> EXACTLY.

YEAH, AND THINK ABOUT THE -- HOW MANY YOUNG PEOPLE IN REAL KIND OF CRIME-PRONE AGE GROUPS OR DELINQUENCY AGE GROUPS WERE SPENDING MORE TIME WITH THEIR PARENTS AND HAD GREATER SUPERVISION.

AND THEN KIDS WHO HAD LESS ATTACHMENT TO OTHER ASSOCIATE INSTITUTIONS, FEWER OPPORTUNITIES TO WORK, TO GO TO SCHOOL, WERE REALLY LEFT ON THEIR OWN.

AND I THINK, YOU KNOW, JUST AS WE'VE SEEN BIFURCATED EFFECTS IN THE ECONOMY, I THINK THAT'S PART OF WHAT WAS HAPPENING WITH CRIME.

>> Eric: PROFESSOR, I LOOK AT THE CRIME STATISTICS FROM THE VARIOUS WARDS AND THE PRECINCTS AND MINNEAPOLIS, AND I'M AMAZED BY THE NUMBER OF CAR-RELEASEDDED CRIME, DRIVE-BY SHOOTINGS AND CARJACKING, HIT AND RUNS.

WHAT'S UP WITH THAT?

>> YEAH, YOU KNOW, THAT WAS A BIT OF A PUZZLE BECAUSE, YOU KNOW, I SHOULD MENTION, YOU KNOW, OVERALL CRIME IS REALLY NOT SKY-ROCKETING.

IT'S FAIRLY LIMITED TO THE VIOLENCE AND THE SHOOTINGS AND THE HOMICIDE.

BUT AUTO THEFT IS THE ONE PROPERTY CRIME THAT SEEMS TO BE ON THE RISE NATIONALLY.

AND WE SORT OF THOUGHT WE HAD THAT FIGURED OUT IN THE 1990s.

AUTO THEFT CAME DOWN FASTER THAN ANYTHING IN PART DUE TO TECHNOLOGY.

BUT THIS YEAR, AND WE THINK IT HAS SOMETHING TO DO WITH GUARDIANSHIP AND WITH CARS BEING AVAILABLE WHERE OTHER OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROPERTY CRIMES WEREN'T THERE.

BUT I HAVE TO SAY WE HAVEN'T NAILED THAT ONE YET EITHER.

>> Cathy: CIRCLING BACK TO THE SHOOTINGS AND THE HOMICIDES, HOW MUCH OF THIS IS GANG-RELATED.

IF SOME OF THESE YOUNG FOLKS ARE ADRIFT AND UNMOORED IN A SENSE, ARE THEY MIGRATING TO GANGS, OR WHAT'S HAPPENING?

>> CRIME IS SOCIAL.

AND GROUPS OF YOUNG MEN ARE OFTEN INVOLVED, AND WE WORRY ABOUT KIND OF A TIT FOR TAT EXCHANGE OF VIOLENCE OCCURRING.

REGULARLY.

AND THIS IS COMMON.

BUT I HAVE TO SAY, YOU KNOW, AS WE ALL KNOW, AND THERE ARE VICTIMS AND SURVIVORS IN YOUR AUDIENCE THAT, THESE -- THE EFFECTS ARE FELT VERY WIDELY IN COMMUNITIES.

AND OFTEN PEOPLE WHO MAY HAVE NOTHING TO DO WITH GANGS ARE CAUGHT UP AS WELL.

SO IT HAS BEEN A GENERAL RISE, AND THERE'S A LOT OF COLLATERAL DAMAGE AS WELL.

>> Cathy: HOW DO YOU PREVENT YOUNG PEOPLE FROM SOLVING PROBLEMS WITH VIOLENCE?

>> YOU KNOW, IT'S -- IT'S INTERESTING.

IT'S A LONG-TERM PROCESS, AND IT REALLY -- WE REALLY NEED, IN SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS, WE NEED SOCIAL SUPPORTS, SUMMER EMPLOYMENT, EDUCATION, ET CETERA.

WHERE FOLKS HAVE A HOOK TO KIND OF HELP THEM ALONG THROUGH WHAT'S ALWAYS -- EVEN UNDER THE BEST CIRCUMSTANCES -- A DIFFICULT TIME.

AND I THINK THAT RIGHT NOW, THE DISTRUST, THE UNCERTAINTY, IT'S A LOT FOR YOUNG PEOPLE, AND ALL OF US TO HANDLE.

>> Eric: AS WE GO THROUGH THE DEBATE OVER STATUS QUO OR DISMANTLE OR REIMAGINE OR WHATEVER BUMPER STICKER PHRASE YOU WANT TO USE, WHAT DO YOU THINK POLICY MAKERS SHOULD BE LOOKING AT AS A BEST PRACTICE?

>> WELL, I DO THINK WE'VE HAD A KIND OF A DELEGITIMATIZED SYSTEM IN MANY WAYS IN THE LAST 18 MONTHS AND I THINK PEOPLE ARE CHALLENGING IT.

NERVES ARE FRAYED.

PEOPLE ARE ON THE STREET, AND JUSTIFIABLY UPSET ABOUT SOME LONG-STANDING INEQUITIES.

SO I DO THINK I WOULD LIKE TO SEE THE LEGISLATURE MOVE ON SOME REAL REFORM.

AT THE STATE LEVEL.

I WOULD LIKE TO SEE THE SORT OF INVESTMENT THAT WE HAVE MADE AT THE FEDERAL LEVEL FOR COVID -- FIGHTING COVID AND BOLSTERING THE ECONOMY.

AND SO I THINK WE'RE HEADING IN THE RIGHT DIRECTION, BUT I WAS JUST LOOKING AT THE SEASONAL TRENDS.

WE'RE ON THE RISE.

AS OFTEN HAPPENS IN EARLY SUMMER.

AND SO THINGS ARE LIKELY TO ESCALATE.

I'D NOTICED WE'RE TRACKING 2019 FAIRLY CLOSELY RIGHT NOW.

>> Cathy: AND REMIND US, PLEASE, WHAT HAPPENED IN 2019.

IT'S HARD TO REMEMBER SOMETIMES.

>> YEAH, WE -- WE DID NOT HAVE ANY KIND OF HISTORIC SPIKE.

AND THE RATES OF HOMICIDE IN PARTICULAR WERE SOMEWHAT LOWER THAN THEY ARE TODAY.

AND SO WE'RE NOT NEAR THE LEVELS WE WERE IN THE 1990s.

I THINK THAT'S IMPORTANT TO KEEP IN MIND.

AND AGAIN, IT'S NOT NECESSARILY A GENERALIZED RISE IN CRIME, BUT IT'S SOME OF THE CRIMES OF GREATEST CONCERN HAVE RISEN.

AND THAT'S WHERE, YOU KNOW, WE NEED KIND OF ALL HANDS ON DECK IN ADDRESSING THIS ISSUE.

>> Cathy: PROFESSOR, ALWAYS GOOD TO HAVE YOU HERE.

THANK YOU SO MUCH.

>> THANK YOU SO MUCH.

>> CATHY: WE'RE PLANNING A SERIES OF CONVERSATIONS THIS SUMMER ABOUT RISING CRIME.

WE'LL HEAR A RANGE OF PERSPECTIVES FROM COMMUNITY ACTIVISTS, TO POLICY MAKERS, TO POLITICIANS.

COMING UP NEXT, A SPECIAL PLACE ON THE NORTH SHORE.

OF LAKE SUPERIOR.

♪♪ ♪♪ >> Cathy: I LOVE THAT ARCHIVAL FOOTAGE.

IT'S ONE OF MINNESOTA'S MOST PHOTOGRAPHED AND TREASURED SPOTS.

SPLIT ROCK LIGHTHOUSE PERCHED HIGH ABOVE LAKE SUPERIOR ALONG THE NORTH SHORE.

THE FABLED LIGHTHOUSE IS NOW THE SUBJECT OF A NEW BOOK, "THE VIEW FROM SPLIT ROCK: A LIGHTHOUSE KEEPER'S LIFE."

THE BOOK IS BY LIGHTKEEPER LEE RADZAK, WITH ASSISTANCE FROM AUTHOR CURT BROWN.

BOTH JOIN US TONIGHT VIA ZOOM TO TALK ABOUT THIS SPECIAL PLACE.

GOOD TO SEE YOU BOTH.

>> GOOD TO SEE YOU, CATHY.

>> THANKS FOR THE OPPORTUNITY TO BE WITH YOU TONIGHT.

>> Cathy: ABSOLUTELY.

HEY, CURT, I'M GOING TO BEGIN WITH YOU.

LET'S TALK ABOUT THE BIG STORM THAT LED TO THE CREATION OF SPLIT ROCK.

>> YEAH, BACK IN 1905, A BIG GALE WHIPPED UP ON THANKSGIVING WEEK.

WHERE BOATS WERE TRYING TO MAKE ONE MORE TRIP ACROSS THE LAKE BEFORE THANKSGIVING, AND OF COURSE THEY RAN INTO TWO STORMS, ALMOST LIKE A ONE-TWO PUNCH.

THE FIRST STORM, THE BOAT CAPTAIN THOUGHT THEY WOULD HAVE A LITTLE TIME.

THEY HOPED THAT THE WEATHER WOULD TAKE A DEEP BREATH AND THAT THEY COULD MAKE IT ACROSS, AND BOATS WERE STUCK OUT ON THE LAKE.

AND CONGRESS THEN APPROPRIATED $75,000 TO BUILD SPLIT ROCK'S LIGHTHOUSE AND FOG SIGNAL.

>> Cathy: AND, LEE, IT WASN'T A VERY EASY TASK TO BUILD THAT PLACE ON TOP OF THE CLIFF OBVIOUSLY.

JUST LOOKING AT SOME OF THE FOOTAGE EARLY ON.

THIS WAS BEFORE HIGHWAY 61 WAS BUILT OBVIOUSLY.

SO SUPPLIES CAME UP BY BOAT AND THEN UP THAT STEEP HILL.

>> YEAH, THAT'S CORRECT.

IT WAS -- THEY STARTED IN MAY OF 1909.

IT TOOK THEM THE WHOLE SUMMER OF 1909.

THERE WERE 35 TO 50 MEN WORKING ALL SUMMER LONG ON THE CONSTRUCTION PROJECT.

AND IT EVEN CONTINUED INTO EARLY 1910 AND THE BEACON WAS FINALLY LIT ON JULY 31ST OF 1910.

SO IT WAS A TREMENDOUS PROCESS TO GET ALL THAT 310 TONS OF SUPPLIES UP THE 130-FOOT CLIFF AND GET IT ALL INTO PLACE BEFORE THEY COULD EVEN START CONSTRUCTION.

>> Eric: THIS IS OBVIOUSLY AN ISOLATED LOCATION.

AND WE HAVE SOME PICTURES.

TELL US A LITTLE BIT ABOUT KEEPING THE LIGHTHOUSE.

THIS IS FRANKIN COVILLE AND HIS FAMILY.

WHAT WAS LIFELIKE THERE, KIND OF A PERMANENT YEAR-ROUND BASIS, HUH?

>> WELL, FOR THE EARLY KEEPERS, IT WASN'T PERMANENT AND YEAR-ROUND.

THEY WERE DROPPED DURING APRIL AT THE BEGINNING OF THE SHIPPING SEASON.

AND THEN THEY WERE PICKED UP IN ABOUT MID-DECEMBER AT THE END OF THE SHIPPING SEASON.

BECAUSE THERE WAS NO HIGHWAY, AND YOU KNOW HOW TRAVEL CAN BE ON LAKE SUPERIOR IN SPRING AND FALL, THEY WENT BACK TO THEIR PERMANENT HOMES UNTIL ABOUT 1931 WHEN THEY WERE THEN ALLOWED TO LIVE THERE YEAR-AROUND.

>> Cathy: I REMEMBER TALKING TO EILEEN COVILLE MEYERS AND SHE TALKED ABOUT HOW WHEN THE HIGHWAY WAS OPEN FINALLY, TOURISTS DESCENDED.

[ Laughter ] ON SPLIT ROCK.

AND IT GOT TO BE A LITTLE DIFFICULT SOMETIMES.

>> YEAH, FOR THEM, IT STARTED IN 1925 WHEN THE HIGHWAY OPENED.

AND CONTINUES TO THIS DAY.

BUT EVEN IN THOSE EARLY DAYS, THE EARLY -- THE LATE '20s, EARLY '30s, WHEN THE COVILLES WERE THERE, THEY WERE DEALING WITH A LOT OF TRAFFIC.

AND PICKING Mr. SPEAKER COVILLE'S ROSES IN THE FRONT YARD AND STANDING ON EACH OTHER'S SHOULDERS TO LOOK IN THE WINDOWS AND IT WAS A BUSY PLACE EVEN BACK THEN.

>> Eric: WHEN WAS THE LIGHTHOUSE DECOMMISSIONED.

>> BACK IN 1969, THE GOVERNMENT KIND OF CUT ITS TIES WITH THE LIGHTHOUSE AND IT SAT VACANT I THINK FOR A COUPLE YEARS BEFORE THE HISTORICAL SOCIETY TOOK IT OVER AS A STATE HISTORIC SITE AND MADE THE WISE DECISION TO HIRE LEE.

SO OUR BOOK IS REALLY LEE'S MEMOIR OF WHAT IT'S LIKE TO RAISE A FAMILY FOR 36 YEARS UP ON TOP OF THAT CLIFF TOP.

AND I THINK READERS WILL ENJOY -- I'LL WALK YOU THROUGH THE SEASONS UP THERE, BECAUSE YOU CAN'T IMAGINE A PLACE.

FIRST OF ALL, A MORE EVOCATIVE PLACE IN MINNESOTA THAN SPLIT ROCK LIGHTHOUSE.

AND THEN JUST THE SEASONS ARE SO DIFFERENT FROM THE LONELY CLIFF TOP THAT LEE LIVED ON UNTIL, YOU KNOW, 5,000 TOURISTS LOOKING IN HIS WINDOWS LIKE HE SAID.

>> Cathy: RIGHT.

SO, LEE, WE'RE SEEING SOME PICTURES HERE OF THE FAMILY.

THEY LOOK GREAT OF COURSE.

WHAT WAS IT LIKE TO RAISE A FAMILY IN A POPULAR HISTORIC PLACE?

>> WELL, IT WAS VERY INTERESTING.

IT WAS A GREAT JOB.

AND OF COURSE THE WHOLE FAMILY PRETTY MUCH HAD TO PARTICIPATE.

BECAUSE WE WERE LIVING RIGHT THERE.

THEY, YOU KNOW, WE HAD TO -- WE WERE LIVING IN THE MIDDLE LIGHT KEEPERRING HOME.

THE ONE THAT HAD BEEN LIVED IN FOR MANY YEARS BY MANY FAMILIES BEFORE US.

AND WE HAD TO PRESENT A GOOD, NOT A HISTORIC LOOK, BUT WE HAD TO, YOU KNOW, OF COURSE WE COULDN'T HAVE BOATS AND TENTS AND THINGS OUT IN THE YARD.

WE WANTED TO KEEP THINGS LOOKING HISTORIC.

THE KIDS GREW UP RIGHT AROUND THE HOUSE THERE.

AND HAD TO KNOW TO STAY SAFE WITH THE CLIFF RIGHT THERE.

BUT THEY SPENT -- THEY WERE BORN IN TWO HARBORS AND STAYED AT THE LIGHTHOUSE AND WENT TO SCHOOL, HIGH SCHOOL IN SILVER BAY AND ENDED UP STAYING AT THE HOUSE UNTIL COLLEGE.

>> Eric: LEE, IS IT KIND OF AN UNOFFICIAL MOOSE PRESERVE UP THERE?

>> YEAH, YOU KNOW, IT'S FUNNY.

AT DIFFERENT TIMES OF THE YEAR, THERE'S MOOSE AROUND.

>> THERE'S ONE RIGHT IN THE MIDDLE OF THE PICTURE HERE.

>> IT WAS DURING -- IT WAS JUST TEN YEARS AGO THIS SUMMER, DURING THE BIG MINNESOTA LEGISLATIVE GOVERNMENTAL SHUTDOWN, AND FOR 21-DAYS IN JULY, WE COULDN'T ALLOW ANY VISITORS ON THE SITE BECAUSE NO STAFF WAS THERE OTHER THAN ME AND MY FAMILY.

AND THEN THE WILDLIFE CAME BACK.

AND IT WAS FUNNY TO LOOK OUT ONE MORNING AND SEE A MOOSE RIGHT AND MUNCHING ON THE VIRGINIA CREEPER RIGHT OUTSIDE OUR WINDOW.

GRAB THAT PICTURE QUICK.

>> Cathy: CURT MENTIONED THIS, AND OF COURSE WE SAW THE PHOTOS JUST A FEW MINUTES AGO ABOUT THE SNOW AND THE ICE AND THE WIND.

I MEAN, WINTER ON THE NORTH SHORE, GORGEOUS, CAN BE, IT'S ALSO ISOLATING, WHAT WAS THAT LIKE?

>> YEAH, WELL, I'M NOT GOING TO SAY IT WAS TERRIBLE, BECAUSE WE SPENT THE WHOLE SUMMER WITH, YOU KNOW, ABOUT 150,000 PEOPLE WALKING BY OUR WINDOWS ALL SUMMER LONG.

SO WHEN IT FINALLY TURNED TO MID-NOVEMBER, ESPECIALLY AFTER NOVEMBER 10TH WHEN WE DID OUR ANNUAL EDMUND FITZGERALD EVENT, THINGS GOT QUIETER.

PEOPLE DIDN'T WANT TO SPEND AS MUCH TIME ON THE CLIFF AND WINDCHILL WAS DOWN BELOW ZERO.

SO WE HAD THE PLACE PRETTY MUCH TO OURSELVES.

AND IT WASN'T ALWAYS LIKE THAT IN THE WINTER.

THAT'D BE CALM DAYS AND THERE'S BE DAYS WHEN THE LAKE WOULD ICE OVER COMPLETELY AND IT WOULD BE TOTALLY SILENT.

IT WAS BEAUTIFUL.

IT WAS A VERY BEAUTIFUL TIME ON THE NORTH SHORE AND AT THE LIGHTHOUSE.

>> Eric: CURT, WHAT HAS DRAWN YOU TO THIS STORY PARTICULARLY?

>> I REMEMBER GOING UP ABOUT 15 YEARS TO SPLIT ROCK WITH MY WIFE AND THREE GUIDES, AND THE TOUR GUIDE, MAYBE IT WAS LEE, PROBABLY NOT, YOU KNOW, MENTIONED THIS BIG STORM OF 1905.

SO I KIND OF DUG UP ALL THE CLIPS AND WENT TO THE MICRO FILM AND I'M JUST ALWAYS BEEN KIND OF OBSESSED WITH IT.

YOU KNOW, MINNESOTA HAS SO MANY BEAUTIFUL PLACES BUT I CAN'T THINK OF A BETTER PERCH, A MORE EVOCATIVE PLACE THAN SPLIT ROCK LIGHTHOUSE.

I THINK THEY'RE A REAL LURE TO PEOPLE BECAUSE THEY'RE KIND OF A SYMBOL, A SENTRY, AND I THINK THEY'RE JUST A GREAT PLACE TO TELL STORIES.

>> Cathy: WHAT'S IT LIKE WHEN THE BEACON IS LIT?

HOW DO YOU FEEL?

>> THERE'S A REAL CONNECTION THERE BECAUSE IT WAS SOMETHING THAT WAS DONE EVERY NIGHT DURING THE SHIPPING SEASON FOR 59 YEARS, BY THE KEEPERS.

AND IT'S SOMETHING THAT WE'RE VERY FORTUNATE THAT THE FERNEL LENS IS LEFT IN PLACE AND WE CAN STILL DO IT AND TO GO UP THERE AND WIND THE WEIGHTS UP AND TURN THAT BEACON ON, AND ESPECIALLY ON TIMES THAT I CAN BE THE ONLY ONE THERE, AND DO IT MYSELF, THERE'S A REAL CONNECTION WITH THE EARLY KEEPERS THERE, AND YOU CAN IMAGINE, YOU KNOW, USING THE SAME HAND CRANK THAT THE EARLY KEEPERS DID, TO KIND THE WEIGHTS -- TO WIND THE WEIGHTS AND TO LOOK UP INTO THAT LENS AND SEE THAT BEACON SHINING OUT.

SWINGING ACROSS THE HORIZON.

I TELL PEOPLE, SPLIT ROCK ISN'T HAUNTED, BECAUSE I'VE BEEN THROUGH ALL THOSE BUILDINGS IN THE MIDDLE OF THE NIGHT UNTIL THE DARK, AND NOTHING WEIRD'S EVER HAPPENED, BUT THERE'S DEFINITELY THE SPIRIT OF THE MANY MEN AND WOMEN WHO LIVED THERE OVER THE YEARS.

>> Cathy: THE VIEW FROM SPLIT ROCK: A LIGHT KEEPER'S LIGHT.

NOW, YOU GUYS ARE HAVING A SIGNING AT THE LIGHT, WHICH IS PRETTY COOL.

>> WHEN IS IT?

>> THAT'S HAPPENING TOUR.

CURT CAN'T BE THERE, UNFORTUNATELY.

BUT I'LL BE THERE.

AND EVEN ON SUNDAY, I'LL BE AT FITGER'S BOOK STORE FROM NOON TO 2:00 SIGNING BOOK, AND IT JUST HAPPENS TO BE, OF COURSE, GRANDMA'S MARATHON WEEKEND.

>> Eric: PERFECT GIFT FOR ANY HOLIDAY.

GOOD LUCK.

>> Cathy: THANK YOU, CURT.

THANKS, LEE.

♪♪ >> ♪ WE KIND OF THOUGHT THIS DAY WOULD NEVER END ♪ ♪ WITHOUT A SONG ♪ ♪ THAT ROAD WOULD NEVER BEND ♪ ♪ WHEN THINGS GO WRONG ♪ ♪ A MAN AIN'T GOT A FRIEND ♪ ♪ WITHOUT A SONG ♪ ♪ THAT FIELD OF CORN ♪ ♪ WOULD NEVER SEE A PLOW ♪ ♪ THAT FIELD OF CORN ♪ ♪ WOULD BE DESERTED NOW ♪ ♪ A MAN IS BORN ♪ ♪ BUT HE AIN'T NO GOODNO HOW ♪ ♪ WITHOUT A SONG ♪ ♪ I'VE GOT MY TROUBLES AND WOES -- >> SO I'M PLAYING TENNIS WITH SOME FRIENDS, AND AFTERWARD THEY ALL START CHECKING THEIR WATCHES.

EVERYONE HAS THESE FANCY WATCHES NOW THAT MEASURE DISTANCE AND HOW MANY CALORIES THEY BURNED.

ONE GOES, "I'VE GONE 2.5 MILES."

THE OTHER ONE GOES, "MY WATCH SAYS, HAVE YOU FALLEN DOWN?"

SOME PEOPLE CHECK THEIR WATCHES CONSTANTLY.

THEY WILL STOP IN MID-RUN AND SAY, "OH, NO, I FORGOT TO SET MY WATCH," LIKE THAT EXERCISE DIDN'T COUNT.

APPARENTLY KEEPING YOU ALIVE IS NOT GOOD ENOUGH.

THE LATEST APPLE WATCHES MEASURE YOUR EVERY MOVE, EVERY BREATH.

THAT'S THE KIND OF CREEPY STALKING THAT ENDS UP IN LAWSUITS.

THEY ALSO REMIND YOU TO STAND UP AND MOVE.

APPARENTLY, THERE WERE A LOT OF PEOPLE LYING AROUND ON SIDEWALKS BEFORE APPLE WATCHES.

IF YOU WANT TO MOVE MORE, KEEP YOUR WATCH IN ANOTHER ROOM.

EACH DAY YOU'RE SUPPOSED TO CLOSE THREE RINGS: ONE RING FOR MOVING, ONE FOR STANDING, AND, I GUESS, ONE RING TO RULE THEM ALL.

THEN YOU'RE SUPPOSED TO TEXT THE NEWS TO ALL YOUR FRIENDS, WHICH IS A GOOD WAY TO MAKE SURE YOU DON'T HAVE ANY.

THE WATCH ALSO CONNECTS TO YOUR PHONE, SO PEOPLE CAN ALWAYS REACH YOU.

I WAS WALKING WITH ONE FRIEND, AND HE SUDDENLY STARTS TALKING TO HIS ARM, LIKE DICK TRACY.

"I'LL CALL YOU LATER, UM, WRIST."

FOR YOU YOUNG PEOPLE, DICK TRACY WAS A CHARACTER IN COMIC STRIPS WHO HAD A WRIST RADIO.

COMIC STRIPS WERE LITTLE DRAWINGS THAT APPEARED IN THE NEWSPAPER.

NEWSPAPERS WERE A BUNCH OF PRINTED STORIES THEY DROPPED ON YOUR FRONT STEPS EVERY MORNING.

IF YOU DON'T REMEMBER PAPER, THEN YOU ARE THREE AND SHOULD BE IN BED BY NOW.

TECHNOLOGY IS GETTING CLOSER TO THAT MEDICAL FLASHBULB DR. MCCOY USED ON STAR TREK: "BODY TEMP, BLOOD OXYGEN, HEART RATE.

JIM, THIS MAN IS A KLINGON."

IF APPLE WATCHES COULD WRITE PRESCRIPTIONS AND GIVE TETANUS SHOTS, I'D BE OUT OF A JOB.

MAYBE THEN I WOULD FINALLY HAVE TIME TO CLOSE MY OWN RINGS.

♪♪ >> ERIC: A SPECIAL SESSION AIMED AT STAVING OFF A STATE GOVERNMENT SHUTDOWN STARTED AT THE BEGINNING OF THE WEEK.

AND BUDGET BILLS BEGAN SLOWLY MOVING THROUGH THE LEGISLATURE, THOUGH A FILIBUSTER IN THE HOUSE HAS STOPPED PROGRESS THERE.

AS MARY LAHAMMER SHOW US, THIS SPECIAL SESSION HAS ADDED IMPORTANCE AND ATTENTION IN THE RE-OPENED STATE CAPITOL BUILDING.

[ COW BELLS CLANGING ] >> Mary: PROTESTERS GREETED LAWMAKERRED AS THEY RETURNED TO THE STATE CAPITOL TRIGGERED BY YET ANOTHER SPECIAL SESSION.

THEY URGED NO DEAL WITH DEMOCRATS AND CALLED SENATE REPUBLICAN MAJORITY LEADER PAUL YSAYE A SELLOUT.

>> YOU CAN SEE FROM THE SENATE PERSPECTIVE, BOTH REPUBLICANS AND DEMOCRATS WERE READY TO ROLL UP OUR SLEEVES TO GET THE JOB DONE.

I THINK THAT'S IMPORTANT FOR MINNESOTA.

THE FACT IS IF WE DID NOT GET DONE BY JULY 1, THE RAM AT THIS OCCASIONS ARE TOO SERIOUS FOR MINNESOTA.

>> Mary: JULY 1ST, THE GOVERNMENT WOULD FULLY SHUTDOWN.

>> THE CONTRACTS THAT WE HAVE REQUIRE US TO START THINKING ABOUT, WHETHER IT BE ROAD CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS OR OTHER THINGS, WE HAVE TO START WINDING THOSE DOWN.

AND EVERYBODY'S SAYING, WELL, THEY'RE COMING BACK AGAIN ON THE 1ST.

WELL, THE LEGAL REQUIREMENTS FORCE US TO START TAKING THOSE THINGS BACK DOWN.

THAT'S JUST NOT A RESPONSIBLE WAY TO GOVERN.

>> MINNESOTANS CAN HAVE CONFIDENCE THAT THEIR STATE GOVERNMENT CONTINUES TO GRIND THROUGH VERY CHALLENGING, IMPORTANT ISSUES THAT AFFECT THE LIVES, LIVELIHOODS, AND THE ASPIRATIONS FOR MINNESOTANS ALL ACROSS THE STATE.

>> Mary: IF THEY DON'T GET IT DONE, THE STATE SENATE WANTS TO FOLLOW WHAT WASHINGTON DOES TO KEEP GOVERNMENT GOING DURING GRID-LOCK.

>> WE SUBMITTED OR DROPPED A BILL THAT SAYS THAT IF WE DON'T FINISH, THERE'S A CONTINUING RESOLUTION.

>> HISTORICALLY PEOPLE SAID NO, WE NEED TO DO OUR JOBS AND THERE'S NO REASON THIS YEAR.

>> Mary: POLICE REFORM TIED TO THE BUDGET HAS BEEN PARTICULARLY VEXING.

>> SOME OF THE WAYS THAT WE CAN ADDRESS THE INJUSTICES IN OUR PUBLIC SAFETY ARENA ARE TO FUND VIOLENCE PREVENTION PROGRAMS.

AND SO NOT IN VERY MANY AREAS CAN YOU TRADE MONEY FOR POLICY TO GET SATISFACTION.

BUT IN THE PUBLIC SAFETY BILL, IT'S PARTICULARLY IMPORTANT THAT THEY HAVE THE RESOURCES THEY NEED TO SEND VIOLENCE PREVENTION PROGRAMS.

[ PEOPLE YELLING ] >> Mary: THE RETURN OF PROTESTERS INSIDE THE CENTURY OLD STRUCTURE DEFINITELY CHANGED THE DYNAMIC FOR MANY POLICY LEADERS WHO HAD BEEN WORKING REMOTELY.

>> WELCOME BACK TO EVERYONE BACK TO THE CAPITOL.

IT'S BEEN A LONG YEAR AS WE ALL KNOW.

I WANT TO THANK, FIRST OF ALL, STATE PATROL AND THE FOLKS WHO OVER THIS LAST YEAR MADE SURE THAT THIS GEM OF A STATE CAPITOL, MINNESOTA'S PEOPLE'S HOUSE, WAS PROTECTED, WAS MAINTAINED.

>> TODAY, I ASSURE YOU, THAT 65% OF PEOPLE IN MINNESOTA, OR MORE, WANT YOU TO DO WHAT THEY KNOW IS RIGHT.

NO MORE EXCUSES.

YOU'VE RUN OUT OF THEM.

NOW IT'S TIME TO END THE GOVERNOR'S EMERGENCY POWERS.

>> I AM COMING TO A BROKEN MAN.

I AM SICK AND TIRED OF THIS MESS.

THAT I SEE OUR EXECUTIVE OFFICER WANTS TO CONTINUE IT ONE MORE MONTH.

>> Mary: LAWMAKERS GENERALLY ENJOY BEING BACK IN AN OPEN CAPITOL BUILDING WITH THE PUBLIC AND LEGISLATORS INCREASINGLY IN PERSON AND MORE BACK TO NORMAL.

>> I WOULD SAY IT WORKS MUCH, MUCH BETTER.

THERE'S SO MANY THINGS THAT WE DO THAT ARE PIECES OF INFORMATION WE GET BETWEEN MEETINGS THAT WE ACTUALLY THEN BRING TOGETHER TO SOLVE THE PROBLEM, AND THAT'S WHAT HAPPENS NOW, AND IT'S A LOT MORE FUN.

>> WHAT I'M EXCITED ABOUT WHEN I WALKED INTO THIS BUILDING EARLIER THIS MORNING, I WAS JUST EXCITED TO HEAR THE HUM OF PEOPLE BACK IN THE PEOPLE'S HOUSE.

THAT IS EXCITING.

IT IS A SIGN OF PROGRESS IN A LOT OF WAYS.

>> WE SHOULD BE ABLE TO COME IN MONDAY AND WRAP THIS THING UP.

THAT WOULD BE MY HOPE.

WE'LL SEE.

BUT THAT'S UP TO THE LEGISLATURE.

♪ ♪ >> ERIC: LAWMAKERS DID MAKE PROGRESS THIS WEEK, BUT MOSTLY ON BILLS THAT WERE THE EASIEST TO RECONCILE.

HERE WITH A SENSE OF WHAT A FINAL BUDGET MAY LOOK LIKE, A DUO OF POLITICAL ANALYSTS.

JAVIER MORILLO IS A D.F.L.

ACTIVIST AND FORMER NATIONAL DEMOCRATIC COMMITTEE MEMBER.

BRIAN MCCLUNG IS A REPUBLICAN, FORMER PRESS SECRETARY TO GOVERNOR PAWLENTY, NOW IN THE P.R.

BIZ.

SAY, BRIAN, WHAT'S UP WITH THE HOUSE REPUBLICAN FILIBUSTERS ON THESE BUDGET BILLS?

>> WELL, THE MINORITY CAUCUS IN EITHER BODY REALLY ONLY HAS TWO TOOLS AT THEIR DISPOSAL.

THEY HAVE THE VOTES ON SUPERMAJORITY ISSUES LIKE A BONDING BILL, AND THEY HAVE THE ABILITY TO KIND OF THROW THE PLOW DOWN AND RUN OUT THE CLOCK.

AND SO HOUSE REPUBLICANS HAVE SAID, WE'RE GOING TO USE BOTH OF THOSE TOOLS TO LEVERAGE WHAT WE CAN TO TRY TO IMPACT THIS LEGISLATION.

AND YOU CAN'T BLAME 'EM.

I MEAN, THE HOUSE REPUBLICANS HAVE NOT EVEN BEEN LET IN THE ROOM ON THESE NEGOTIATIONS.

SO THEY'RE GOING TO USE WHATEVER THEY CAN TO TRY TO INFLUENCE THESE THINGS, TO TRY TO GET THINGS DONE LIKE ENDING THE GOVERNOR'S EMERGENCY POWERS, TRYING TO EXTEND REINSURANCE, SOME OF THE CRITICAL THINGS THAT THEY THINK SHOULD HATCH IN THIS SESSION.

>> Cathy: JAVIER, WHY DO YOU THINK IT'S -- TO THIS POINT, THE GOVERNOR AND SENATOR YSAYE AND SPEAKER HORTMAN HAVE BEEN DOING THE BULK OF THE NEGOTIATING.

WHY DIDN'T THEY BRING IN THE MINORITY?

>> I MEAN, I THINK THERE'S A DEEPER QUESTION THAT HAPPENS EVERY SESSION OF WHY MORE PEOPLE, PERIOD, ARE NOT A PART OF THESE FINAL NEGOTIATIONS, NOT JUST THE HOUSE MINORITY.

YOU KNOW, THE -- THEY'RE IN THE MINORITY, AND THAT'S JUST, YOU KNOW, ELECTIONS HAVE CONSEQUENCES.

BUT WHY -- EITHER CAUCUS, IN EITHER HOUSE, PUT UP WITH DECISIONS BEING MADE BY A SMALL GROUP OF PEOPLE BUT THEN COMPLAIN ABOUT IT PUBLICLY I THINK IS ALWAYS KIND OF FRUSTRATING FOR THE PUBLIC, ESPECIALLY WITH THE MARGINS AS CLOSE AS THEY ARE IN BOTH HOUSES OF THE LEGISLATURE, A SMALL GROUP OF LEGISLATORS COULD GRIND THINGS TO A HALT WHICH IS WHAT TODAY REPUBLICANS WERE TRYING TO DO.

>> Eric: I KNOW, BRIAN, WHEN I WAS UP THERE EVERY DAY, YOU'D HEAR LOBBYISTS SAY PROCESS IS FOR LOSERS, JUST GET YOUR THING IN THE BILL.

WHAT ABOUT THE PROCESS THIS YEAR?

ANY DIFFERENT THAN USUAL?

>> WELL, YEAH, IT WAS DRAMATICALLY DIFFERENT.

THIS IS A LEGISLATIVE SESSION THAT WAS ALMOST CONDUCTED 100% VIA ZIMMERN.

AND SO IT'S HARD AND THAT'S WHAT SENATOR YSAYE WAS SAYING IN THE SEGMENT RIGHT BEFORE THIS.

IT'S A LOT BETTER WHEN YOU GET PEOPLE TOGETHER, GET THEM IN A ROOM, TART TO WORK THINGS OUT, BUILD A RELATIONSHIP.

THAT RELATIONSHIP BUILDING IS WHAT ALLOWED LEGISLATORS TO GET PAST SOME OF THESE FIGHTS AND FIND A WAY TO YES.

SO THIS SESSION IS REALLY AN ANOMALY.

IT'S BEEN VERY DIFFICULT TO LEGISLATE.

IT'S BEEN VERY DIFFICULT, YOU KNOW, FOR THOSE OF US THAT ARE IN THE P.R.

AND GOVERNMENT RELATIONS BUSINESS TO TRY TO HAVE THE CONVERSATIONS THAT WE TYPICALLY HAVE WITH LAWMAKERS AND STAFF.

SO, YEAH, IT'S BEEN HARDER.

IT'S BEEN WORSE.

BUT THERE'S BEEN A TREND, LIKE JAVIER WAS TALKING ABOUT WITH FEWER AND FEWER FOLKS INVOLVED IN THE PROCESS AND WE NEED TO REVERSE THAT TREND MORE BROADLY.

>> Cathy: JAVIER, DO YOU WANT TO TAKE A SHOT AT THAT IN TERMS OF WHAT BRIAN SAID?

>> I DON'T THINK PROCESS IS FOR LOSERS, BUT I THINK PROCESS -- AND THIS GOES TO THE WHOLE QUESTION OF EMERGENCY POWERS -- I THINK VOTERS WILL ASSESS THE GOVERNOR BASED ON HIS RECORD, AND NEXT YEAR'S ELECTION, AND WHETHER HE HELD ONTO EMERGENCY POWERS ONE MORE MONTH THAN REPUBLICANS WANTED HIM TO IS JUST NOT GOING TO BE ON VOTERS' MINDS.

SO I TEND TO AGREE, RIGHT?

I THINK RIGHT NOW, YOU KNOW, WHAT'S HAPPENING TODAY WITH THE FILIBUSTERING, WE GOT LOTS OF NICE STORIES, PEOPLE TALKING ABOUT THEIR GRANDPARENTS WHO WERE, YOU KNOW, FARMERS AND GOING BACK TO THE CIVIL WAR, IT WAS REFRESHING TO SEE REPUBLICANS REMEMBER THAT WE -- OUR STATE WAS THE RIGHT SIDE OF THE CIVIL WAR.

BUT OTHER THAN THAT, YOU KNOW, IT'S JUST A LOT OF GAMES.

>> Cathy: BRIAN HAD THE OPPORTUNITY TO TALK TO SENATOR LIMMER AND REPRESENTATIVE MARIANI ON MPR THIS WEEK ABOUT POLICE ACCOUNTABILITY AND NEGOTIATIONS AROUND THAT.

AND SENATOR LIMMER THOUGHT THAT ACTUALLY THAT CONFERENCE COMMITTEE HAS DONE A LOT, THAT THEY'VE AGREED TO A LOT AT THIS POINT, REPUBLICANS HAVE.

REPRESENTATIVE MARIANI WAS LIKE, NAH, YEAH, BUT, THE REAL REFORM HASN'T BEEN AGREED TO.

WHAT DO YOU THINK IS LIKELY TO PASS AND WILL THAT BE ENOUGH FOR THE P.O.C.I.

CAUCUS?

>> I THINK THAT'S HARD TO SAY.

EVERYBODY IS EXPECTED THAT THE PUBLIC SAFETY BILL AND THE H.H.S.

BILL WILL BE THE LAST TWO.

H.H.S.

BECAUSE IT'S SO BIG AND COMPLICATED.

AND PUBLIC SAFETY BECAUSE IT'S TACKLING THESE REALLY DIFFICULT ISSUES.

BUT IT DOES SOUND LIKE THEY HAVE MADE A LOT OF PROGRESS IN SOME KEY CRITICAL JUSTICE REFORMS.

AND SO, YOU KNOW, THAT'S GOOD NEWS.

I THINK THERE'S BIPARTISAN SUPPORT FOR A LOT OF THAT.

AND I THINK THERE'S BIPARTISAN SUPPORT FOR SOME OF THE POLICE ACCOUNTABILITY THAT THEY'RE WORKING ON AS WELL.

BUT I DON'T -- IT REMAINS TO BE SEEN IF THEY'RE GOING TO SORT THAT OUT HERE.

>> Eric: YEAH, JAVIER, KEVIN FEATHERLY IS REPORTING THAT SENATOR LIMMER HAS PUT FORTH SIX POLICE REFORM IDEAS.

AND AS CATHY ASKED, IS THAT ENOUGH FOR THE PEOPLE OF COLOR AND INDIGENOUS CAUCUS TO APPROVE AND GO FORWARD?

>> SENATOR YSAYE MADE IT CLEAR AFTER THE FLOYD VERDICT THAT HE THOUGHT THAT THAT LET PRESSURE OFF OF THEM OF DOING SOMETHING ON POLICE REFORM.

I WAS JUST TRAVELING IN OHIO, OBERLIN, OHIO, A BIG BOULDER THAT WAS PAINTED ON, R.I.P., DAUNTE WRIGHT.

TO THE WORLD, WE ARE A PLACE WHERE IT IS UNSAFE TO BE BLACK.

THE SERIOUSNESS WITH WHICH WE NEED TO TAKE THIS ISSUE.

SO I HIGHLY DOUBT IN THIS CONTEXT THAT WE'RE GOING TO SEE THE REFORMS THAT ARE NEEDED AND SADLY, WE'RE GOING TO KEEP SEEING TRAGEDIES LIKE THE ONES WE'VE SEEN IN THE RECENT MONTHS AND IN THE RECENT YEAR.

>> Cathy: SO, BRIAN, AND JAVIER, LEADERSHIP, THEY KEEP SAYING THERE'S NO REASON THEY CAN'T GET THEIR JOB DONE.

WE'RE HERE ON, WHAT, JUNE 18TH, IS THERE A POSSIBILITY THAT WE WILL ACTUALLY GO INTO SHUTDOWN?

>> I THINK IT'S A VERY SLIM POSSIBILITY AND THE REASON THAT I SAY THAT IS THAT THIS SHUTDOWN WOULD NOT BE LIKE THE 2005 OR 2011 SHUTDOWN.

WE HAVE THIS 2017 MINNESOTA SUPREME COURT RULING THAT SAYS YOU CAN'T DO THE SPECIAL MASTER.

YOU CAN'T HAVE SOMEBODY ELSE HANDING OUT MONEY.

IT CAN ONLY BE APPROPRIATED BY THE LEGISLATURE.

SO IF WE SHUT DOWN NOW, THIS IS A REAL SHUTDOWN WITH REAL CONSEQUENCES AND I DON'T THINK ANYBODY WANTS TO SEE THAT.

PLUS, THE STATE HAS $4.4 BILLION IN EXTRA MONEY BETWEEN A SURPLUS AND THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT SENDING US MONEY.

SO THIS IS NOT A QUESTION OF NOT HAVING THE CASH AROUND TO DO THIS.

THIS IS JUST THESE OTHER TOUGH ISSUES THAT THEY'RE WORKING THROUGH.

SO I THINK THERE'S GOING TO BE A LOT OF PRESSURE TO FINISH ON TIME.

EVEN THOUGH THE HOUSE REPUBLICANS ARE SLOWING THINGS DOWN, I THINK THEY'RE WORKING TO GET SOME REFORMS THAT THEY'D LIKE TO SEE IN THERE.

I DON'T THINK ANYBODY'S GOING TO LET THIS GO PAST JUNE 30TH.

>> THAT'S THE CRUX OF WHAT THE THEATRICS TODAY WERE -- RIGHT?

I DON'T THINK ANYBODY EXPECTS THAT THERE WILL BE A SHUTDOWN.

AND SO IT JUST -- I THINK PARTICULARLY GRATING TO DFLERS AND TO ANYONE WHO'S PAYING ATTENTION THAT WE'RE SEEING FILIBUSTERING FOR NO REASON OTHER THAN TO TRY TO GET THEMSELVES INTO A ROOM, AND IF YOU CAN'T FIGURE THAT OUT ANY OTHER WAY, YOU'RE JUST NOT DOING THE PEOPLE'S WORK.

>> Eric: AND BRIAN, I WONDER HOW EFFECTIVE THE POLICE DEBATE IN MINNEAPOLIS AND THE BARRICADED STREETS, THAT WOULD SEEM RIPE FOR COMMERCIALS -- >> BEATING UP ON MINNEAPOLIS HAS BEEN A TOOL THAT REPUBLICANS IN GREATER MINNESOTA HAVE USED FOREVER.

SO THIS IS NOT NEW.

I MEAN, I REMEMBER OLD CAMPAIGN WITH BINOCULARS LOOKING AT THE METRODOME ON IT.

SO THAT'S BEEN GOING ON FOR A LONG TIME.

THIS PUBLIC SAFETY ISSUE, THOUGH IS REAL.

EMPLOYEE RELATIONS PEOPLE ARE CONCERNED ABOUT IN THEIR SAFETY AND THAT HAS TO BE ADDRESSES.

BOTH IN THE CITY ELECTIONS IN MINNEAPOLIS THIS FALL BUT ALSO NEXT YEAR IN LEGISLATIVE ELECTIONS.

>> Cathy: JAVIER, THE MINNEAPOLIS MAYORAL RACE, THE INCUMBENT JAKE YOP FREY CAME IN SECOND IN THE ENDORSEMENT RACE.

>> JUST LOOKING AT HIS RECORD.

THE CITY LITERALLY BURNED DOWN ON HIS WATCH AND IT WAS SIX MONTHS BEFORE THE RUBBLE WAS BEING PICKED UP BECAUSE BEING WERE BEING ASKED TO PAY THEIR TAXES IN ADVANCE.

WE'RE JUDGING HIS RECORD ALONE, THE MAYOR IS IN TROUBLE.

BUT THE CONVENTION SHOWED THAT PEOPLE ARE LOOKING FOR AN ALTERNATIVE AND MY OPINION, THEY SHOULD.

>> Eric: AND BRIAN, THE BUSINESS COMMUNITY OF MINNEAPOLIS, THEY'LL FIGHT THIS, I WOULD GUESS, AND ON FREY'S BEHALF I SUPPOSE?

>> HERE'S THE THING.

YOU HAVE THREE MAJOR CANDIDATES FOR MAYOR.

YOU HAVE JACOB FREY WHO HAS SAID WE NEED TO REFORM POLICE, BUT WE NEED TO HAVE POLICE.

AND THEN YOU HAVE TWO CANDIDATES THAT SAY WE NEED TO DEFUND AND GET RAID OF THE POLICE.

>> KATE KNUTH HAS NOT SAID WE NEED TO GET RID OF THE POLICE.

>> Eric: IT JUST GOT GOOD AND WE'RE OUT OF TIME.

>> Cathy: THANKS, GUYS.

♪♪ >> ERIC: OUR MINDS NOW TURN TO HISTORY.

HERE'S OUR QUESTION OF THE WEEK.

WE VENTURE BACK TO THE YEAR 1965 AND THE OLD GUTHRIE THEATER NEAR PARADE STADIUM.

THE GUTHRIE WAS PUTTING ON A PRODUCTION OF "THE CHERRY ORCHARD" BY ANTON CHEKHOV.

A FAMED GROUP ATTENDED A PERFORMANCE IN LATE JULY OF THAT YEAR, OBLIGING AUTOGRAPH SEEKERS AT INTERMISSION.

ONE OF THE GROUP WAS ASKED ABOUT THE PLAY AND SAID, "I THOUGHT IT WAS QUITE WELL DONE, BUT I DIDN'T CARE TOO MUCH FOR THE PLAY ITSELF."

WE WANT YOU TO NAME THESE NOTED GUTHRIE PATRONS.

WHAT FAMED VISITORS TOOK IN THE GUTHRIE'S PERFORMANCE OF "THE CHERRY ORCHARD" IN JULY 1965?

CALL US, WHY DON'T YOU, ESPECIALLY IF YOU LIVE NEAR BASS BROOK, STURGEON ISLAND, CATFISH SLOUGH, OR LITTLE TROUT VALLEY, ALL PLACES IN OUR FAIR STATE.

651-229-1430 WILL CONNECT YOU WITH OUR VOICEMAIL.

THE LINE WILL TAKE YOUR CALLS NIGHT AND DAY.

651-229-1430.

BEFORE YOU GO, A REMINDER THAT YOU CAN WATCH ALL THE PROCEEDINGS OF THE STATE LEGISLATURE BY TUNING INTO THE FREE, STATEWIDE MINNESOTA CHANNEL AVAILABLE ON EVERY PBS STATION IN YOUR STATE.

CHECK YOUR LOCAL LISTINGS.

FOR SHOW-CLOSING MUSIC, THE GREAT TWINS PITCHER JIM "MUDCAT" GRANT DIED THIS WEEK AT AGE 85.

GRANT WON 21 GAMES FOR THE TWINS IN THEIR 1965 PENNANT SEASON.

GRANT WAS ALSO A MUSICIAN, AND THAT YEAR HE HOSTED A TV VARIETY SHOW IN THE TWIN CITIES.

IN 2011 GRANT MEMORABLY PERFORMED AT HARMON KILLEBREW'S MEMORIAL PROGRAM AT TARGET FIELD.

MUDCAT SANG "IT'S A WONDERFUL WORLD" ACCOMPANIED BY TONY OLIVA'S SON RIC.

LET'S LISTEN TO SOME OF THAT PERFORMANCE AS WE LEAVE YOU TONIGHT.

THANKS FOR WATCHING.

BE CAREFUL.

♪♪ >> ♪ I SEE TREES OF GREEN ♪ ♪ AND RED ROSES TOO ♪ ♪ I SEE THEM BLOOM ♪ ♪ FOR ME AND YOU ♪ ♪ AND I THINK TO MYSELF ♪ ♪ WHAT A WONDERFUL WORLD ♪ ♪ I SEE SKIES OF BLUE ♪ ♪ AND CLOUDS OF WHITE ♪ ♪ THE BRIGHT BLESSED DAY ♪ ♪ THE DARK SACRED NIGHT ♪ ♪ AND I THINK TO MYSELF ♪ ♪ WHAT A WONDERFUL WORLD ♪ Captioning by: Paradigm Reporting & Captioning www.paradigmreporting.com >> "ALMANAC" IS MADE POSSIBLE BY MEMBERS OF THIS PUBLIC TELEVISION STATION.

SUPPORT IS ALSO PROVIDED BY... GREAT RIVER ENERGY: PROVIDING ELECTRICITY AND RELATED SERVICES TO 28 CO-OPS IN MINNESOTA.

A TOUCHSTONE ENERGY COOPERATIVE.

DELTA DENTAL OF MINNESOTA FOUNDATION: INVESTING $25 MILLION TO IMPROVE DENTAL CARE FOR MINNESOTANS IN NEED.

DELTADENTALMN.ORG/TPT.

THE SHAKOPEE MDEWAKANTON SIOUX COMMUNITY: A TRIBAL NATION FOCUSED ON COMMUNITY AND COLLABORATION, ESPECIALLY IN TIMES LIKE TODAY.

ENBRIDGE: CONNECTING MINNESOTANS WITH ENERGY FOR OVER 70 YEARS.

MORE AT ENBRIDGE.COM/LINETHREEUS.

AND EDUCATION MINNESOTA: THE VOICE FOR PROFESSIONAL EDUCATORS AND STUDENTS THROUGHOUT THE STATE.

MORE AT EDUCATIONMINNESOTA.ORG.

"ONE GREATER MINNESOTA" REPORTING ON "ALMANAC" IS MADE POSSIBLE IN PART BY: THE OTTO BREMER TRUST, WHOSE MISSION IS INVESTING IN PEOPLE, PLACES, AND OPPORTUNITIES IN THE UPPER MIDWEST.

ADDITIONAL SUPPORT COMES FROM THE MINNEAPOLIS FOUNDATION, INSPIRING AND ENGAGING IN ACTION TO REALIZE STRONG, VIBRANT COMMUNITIES, AND FROM THE BLANDIN FOUNDATION.

"ALMANAC" IS A PRODUCTION OF TWIN CITIES PBS FOR THE STATIONS OF MINNESOTA PUBLIC TELEVISION ASSOCIATION.